Hybrid Computational Strategy for Predicting Seismic Behaviour of High-Rise Buildings with Overhead Water Tank Interactions

This study investigates the seismic behavior of T-shaped, L-shaped, and C-shaped buildings with rectangular overhead water tanks, considering the influence of varying water levels (25%, 50%, and 75%) on structural integrity during seismic events. The analysis highlights that T-shaped and Lshaped buildings experience higher seismic forces, including increased water pressure, base shear, and sloshing amplitudes, making them more vulnerable to seismic activity. In contrast, the C-shaped building demonstrates superior seismic stability, exhibiting lower water pressure, base shear, and minimal sloshing, resulting in reduced story drift and dislocation. STAAD study reveals that the Cshaped structure experiences the lowest displacement (22.884 inches), axial forces (46.10 kN), and shear forces (444.062 kN in Fy and 453.231 kN in Fz). Additionally, the Response Surface Methodology (RSM) optimization identifies the C-shaped building as the most desirable design with a desirability value of 0.939, outperforming the T-shaped (0.926) and L-shaped (0.865) buildings. The study emphasizes that incorporating overhead water tanks significantly impacts the seismic performance of structures, with the C-shaped building being the optimal design for minimizing seismic risks.