Mechanisms of Piezo1-Mediated Mechanotransduction in Thrombotic Diseases

The mechanical cation channel Piezo1 has been confirmed as a key membrane mechanical protein that can convert physical forces into biological signals, serving as a molecular hub linking hemodynamic stimulation with thrombotic diseases. Studying mechanical sensitive channels in the cardiovascular system is helpful for understanding the working mechanism of these channels and providing new therapeutic targets for thrombotic diseases. This article systematically summarizes the expression and functional roles of the Piezo1 channel in cell types involved in thrombosis, including platelets, endothelial cells, red blood cells, immune cells, etc. This article also discusses the mechanical gating structural basis of Piezo1 and its activation mechanism and downstream signaling pathways in the thrombosis-related mechanical microenvironment. Based on the existing evidence, Piezo1 has significant pathological significance in the occurrence and development of thrombotic diseases, and targeting Piezo1 may provide new strategies for anti-thrombotic treatment. Future research needs to further clarify the differential regulatory mechanisms of the Piezo1 channel in different hemodynamic environments and evaluate its safety and efficacy as a drug target.