Current Tobacco Use Status Associated with Insufficient Sleep Duration and Sleep Problems Among Non-Hispanic Black and Hispanic Men with Chronic Conditions

Background and Objectives: This study aimed to examine the associations between exclusive cigarette smoking, dual-tobacco use, and poly-tobacco use and sleep duration and sleep problems among non-Hispanic Black and Hispanic men with chronic conditions. Materials and Methods: Cross-sectional, internet-administered survey data were collected in September–November 2019 from 1673 U.S. non-Hispanic Black and Hispanic men aged ≥40 years. Current (past 30-day) tobacco use was classified as non-tobacco use, exclusive combustible cigarette smoking, dual-tobacco use (cigarettes plus one additional tobacco product), and poly-tobacco use (cigarettes plus ≥ 2 additional tobacco products). Other tobacco products included cigars, electronic cigarettes, hookah, pipes, and bidis. Insufficient sleep duration was classified as <7 h, and sleep problems were defined as having sleep concerns in the past week. Two multivariable logistic regression models were performed to estimate adjusted odds ratios (AORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CIs) for insufficient sleep and sleep problems while adjusting for sociodemographics, body mass index (BMI), and number of chronic conditions. Participants that were missing data on tobacco use, sleep outcomes, and BMI were excluded. Results: Overall, 46.9% of participants reported insufficient sleep duration, and 46.2% reported sleep problems. Exclusive combustible cigarette smokers (AOR = 1.43, 95%CI = 1.07–1.92) and dual-tobacco users (AOR = 1.56, 95%CI = 1.06–2.28) had significantly higher odds of insufficient sleep than non-tobacco users. Dual-tobacco users (AOR = 1.96, 95%CI = 1.32–2.91) and poly-tobacco users (AOR = 1.66, 95%CI = 1.01–2.74) had significantly higher odds of sleep problems than non-tobacco users. Conclusions: Findings suggest that cigarette smoking, whether exclusively or in combination with other tobacco products, may exacerbate sleep disparities among middle-aged and older non-Hispanic Black and Hispanic men with chronic conditions.