Factors influencing mode choice in an emerging Indian city: insights from electric vehicle adoption in Guwahati using a Multinomial Logit model

The mode choice behavior of electric vehicles (EVs) is a crucial aspect of the transportation landscape, driven by technological advancements, environmental policies, and changing consumer preferences. This study examines commuter mode choice in Guwahati, focusing on preferences among electric vehicles (EVs), public transport (PT), and internal combustion engine vehicles (ICEVs). Using a stated preference survey incorporating socioeconomic, transport system, and attitudinal variables, the Multinomial Logit (MNL) model was applied to estimate mode shares. Results indicate that higher-income and educated individuals prefer EVs, while lower-income groups lean toward public transport. Age and gender influence choices, older and male commuters favor ICEVs, whereas females show a preference for EVs. Key determinants such as travel cost, convenience, and reliability significantly impact mode selection. The findings provide policymakers with guidance for designing targeted incentives, integrating infrastructure, and improving service-quality to significantly accelerate electric vehicle adoption while strengthening sustainable public transport in emerging Indian cities.