Enzymatic Electrosynthesis for Sustainable CO 2 Conversion: Advancing Circular Carbon Economy

ABSTRACT Enzymatic electrosynthesis (EES), effectively coupling biocatalysis with electrocatalysis, is emerging as a sustainable strategy to achieve a circular carbon economy. This hybrid approach offers molecular‐level precision in converting CO 2 into value‐added C 2+ products, distinguishing it from other enzyme‐based hybrid systems. Here, we comprehensively analyze the electron transfer mechanisms across different carbon‐fixing enzymes and present the persistent challenges and opportunities associated with large‐scale deployment of this technology. More importantly, key strategies to facilitate electron transfer and broaden product spectrum are discussed. Furthermore, data‐driven approaches such as machine learning are considered for systematic optimization of EES. Given its environmental and economic benefits, EES represents a versatile alternative to conventional catalytic CO 2 reduction routes. With concerted efforts, main challenges will be solved for accelerating large‐scale EES‐based commercial applications.