Multi-Criteria Selection of Environmental Protection Measures for Residential Areas

High-density residential areas require environmental measures that address multiple anthropogenic pressures while remaining spatially feasible and compatible with economic and social objectives. Existing selection approaches often treat these requirements separately and rarely incorporate built-form morphology as an explicit constraint. This study develops a multi-criteria methodology based on a combined two-stage optimization model. The method classifies measures targeting chemical, physical, and biological hazards; links them to functional, technological, and evaluation attributes; calculates environmental relevance and scenario-specific sustainability scores; and excludes spatially infeasible options through deterministic geometric filtering. The methodology was tested in a residential area in Rostov-on-Don, Russia. The results demonstrate that alternative priority weights produce distinct but comparable sets of measures while preserving the same measurements and feasibility rules. The proposed approach supports the reproducible selection and spatial allocation of measures during the preparation of residential-area improvement projects. The algorithm was also implemented in an online platform that enables stepwise data entry and scenario-based recommendations.