Interface Interaction between Compound Explosion Inhibitor and Coal Dust: Microscopic Insights and Bonding Modeling

Abstract Secondary coal dust explosions are more destructive than primary ones. Harsh environments often compromise traditional suppressants. To clarify the interface evolution mechanism, this paper studies coal dust interface effects, surface characteristic variations, particle bonding processes, and mathematical bonding modeling after treatment with a newly developed compound explosion inhibitor. Results show that the full-concentration inhibitor pretreated at 100–650 °C has an average consolidation rate of 95.2% after 90 min of wind erosion. The total weight loss rate is only 14.55% at 800 °C, indicating deep combination with coal dust. Microscopic experiments reveal that the composite inhibitor modifies dust micromorphology, disrupts pore connectivity, regulates microcrystalline structure, and reconstructs surface chemical state and functional groups to block active sites. The constructed microbonding model clarifies the regulatory effect of concentration and particle size on coal dust deposition. The inhibitor promotes multiparticle agglomeration via interfacial bonding, fundamentally reducing suspended coal dust concentration and secondary explosion risk.