Demonstration of sub-percent energy resolution in the NEXT-100 detector

Abstract NEXT-100 is a high-pressure xenon time projection chamber with electroluminescent amplification, designed to operate with up to $$\\sim $$ ∼ 70.5 kg at 13.5 bar. It is the most recent detector developed by the NEXT collaboration to search for the neutrinoless double-beta decay ( $$\\beta \\beta 0\\nu $$ β β 0 ν ) of $$ ^{136}\\mathrm Xe$$ 136 X e . The NEXT gas TPC technology offers the best energy resolution near the Q-value of the decay ( $$Q_{\\beta \\beta }$$ Q β β = 2458 keV) among xenon detectors, which is set by design to be <1% FWHM. We report here the high-energy calibration of the detector using a $$ ^{228}\\textrm{Th}$$ 228 Th source, demonstrating excellent linear response and an energy resolution of $$(0.90 \\pm 0.02)\\%$$ ( 0.90 ± 0.02 ) % FWHM at the $$^{208}$$ 208 Tl photopeak (2615 keV). This performance extrapolates to a resolution at the double-beta decay end-point of $$R(Q_{\\beta \\beta }) = (0.93 \\pm 0.02)\\%$$ R ( Q β β ) = ( 0.93 ± 0.02 ) % FWHM, confirming the detector’s capability for precision energy measurement in the search for $$\\beta \\beta 0\\nu $$ β β 0 ν .

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Journal
The European Physical Journal C
Published
2026-09-10
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1140/epjc/s10052-026-15948-x
Primary Topic
Neutrino Physics Research
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article
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article

Demonstration of sub-percent energy resolution in the NEXT-100 detector

A. P. Marques, C. Hervés Carrete, C. Romo-Luque, A.L.M. Silva et al.
The European Physical Journal C
Neutrino Physics Research
article

Demonstration of sub-percent energy resolution in the NEXT-100 detector

A. P. Marques, C. Hervés Carrete, C. Romo-Luque, A.L.M. Silva, Zoraida Freixa, Frank W. Foss, Y. Ayyad, C.A.N. Conde, J. Soto-Otón, F. Kellerer, Y. Ifergan, A. Simón, Fernando Auria‐Luna, Mario Sanz Elorza, P. Ferrario, Eva Oblak, D. R. Nygren, F.I.G.M. Borges, F.P. Santos, V. Herrero, J. Martín-Albo, Elisa Ruiz-Chóliz, S. Torelli, Fernando P. Cossío, M. Sorel, E. Dey, P. A. O. C. Silva, Francisco Ballester-Merelo, B. J. P. Jones, L. Rogers, J. Renner, Celia Rogero, M. Martínez-Vara, K. Mistry, Itay Shomroni, Ariadna Pazos, F. Monrabal, R. Guénette, L. Arazi, K. Bailey, R. Madigan, F. López Gejo, J. Molina-Canteras, J.J. Gómez-Cadenas, B. Palmeiro, A. Larumbe, I. J. Arnquist, J. W. R. Grocott, I. Parmaksiz, A. I. Aranburu, C.D.R. Azevedo, B. Romeo, P. Novella, R. Miller, K. E. Navarro, E. Church, G. Martínez-Lema, P. Herrero-Gómez, S. Ayet, M. Pérez Maneiro, R. Felkai, R. D. P. Mano, J.M.F. dos Santos, J. Pelegrìn, C. M. B. Monteiro, C. A. O. Henriques, R. Esteve, Jose Eduardo Barcelon, Iván Rivilla, J. M. Hauptman, V. Álvarez, J. Palacio, H. Almazán, A. Castillo, J. García-Barrena, J. A. Hernando Morata, Peter Dietz, S. R. Soleti, X. Cid Vidal, F. J. Mora, J. M. Benlloch-Rodríguez, M. Seemann, N. López-March, P. Saharia, M. Cid Laso, A. Bayo, A. Martínez, A. Marauri, C. Echeverria, I. Osborne, A. Brodoline, A. F. B. Isabel, L. Cid, L. Larizgoitia, M. Querol, R. Coupe, C. Cortes-Parra, N. Byrnes, M. del Barrio-Torregrosa, C. Adams
article en

Abstract

Abstract NEXT-100 is a high-pressure xenon time projection chamber with electroluminescent amplification, designed to operate with up to $$\sim $$ ∼ 70.5 kg at 13.5 bar. It is the most recent detector developed by the NEXT collaboration to search for the neutrinoless double-beta decay ( $$\beta \beta 0\nu $$ β β 0 ν ) of $$ ^{136}\mathrm Xe$$ 136 X e . The NEXT gas TPC technology offers the best energy resolution near the Q-value of the decay ( $$Q_{\beta \beta }$$ Q β β = 2458 keV) among xenon detectors, which is set by design to be <1% FWHM. We report here the high-energy calibration of the detector using a $$ ^{228}\textrm{Th}$$ 228 Th source, demonstrating excellent linear response and an energy resolution of $$(0.90 \pm 0.02)\%$$ ( 0.90 ± 0.02 ) % FWHM at the $$^{208}$$ 208 Tl photopeak (2615 keV). This performance extrapolates to a resolution at the double-beta decay end-point of $$R(Q_{\beta \beta }) = (0.93 \pm 0.02)\%$$ R ( Q β β ) = ( 0.93 ± 0.02 ) % FWHM, confirming the detector’s capability for precision energy measurement in the search for $$\beta \beta 0\nu $$ β β 0 ν .

The European Physical Journal CVol. 86(9)
Ikerbasque (ES), Ben-Gurion University of the Negev (IL), Argonne National Laboratory (US), Los Alamos National Laboratory (US), Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (US), Universitat de València (ES), University of the Basque Country (ES), Iowa State University (US), The University of Texas at Arlington (US), Hebrew University of Jerusalem (IL), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela (ES), University of Manchester (GB), Instituto de Física Corpuscular (ES), Canfranc Underground Laboratory (ES), Instituto de Instrumentación para Imagen Molecular (ES), Donostia International Physics Center (ES), Weizmann Institute of Science (IL), University of Aveiro (PT), University of Coimbra (PT)
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