Serum Presepsin (Soluble Cd14-St) Levels in Patients with Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome and Sepsis: A Comparison with The Sepsis-3 Reclassification

Background: Pediatric sepsis and systemic inflammatory response syndrome are clinical entities associated with high morbidity and mortality, for which early diagnosis and risk stratification are difficult. This study aimed to investigate the diagnostic value of presepsin, procalcitonin, C-reactive protein and leukocyte count in pediatric systemic inflammatory response syndrome and sepsis.Methods: This prospective study initially enrolled 21 systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) patients, 25 sepsis patients and 40 healthy controls aged 1 month–18 years in 2015, classified according to the 2001 International Sepsis Definitions Conference criteria. To address current methodological standards, all patient-group subjects were subsequently reclassified according to the Sepsis-3 consensus definitions; 34 patients met Sepsis-3 criteria and 40 healthy controls were retained. Systemic inflammatory response syndrome and sepsis were defined according to the criteria of the 2001 International Sepsis Definitions Conference.Results: Leukocyte, C-reactive protein, procalcitonin and presepsin levels were significantly higher in both the systemic inflammatory response syndrome and sepsis groups than in controls (all p