Earth’s Biosphere Atmospheric Transport: A Key to Venus’s Biosphere

— The mechanism of explosive mutations of pathogenic viruses during low solar activity at the minima of various solar cycles is examined, coupled with the low effectiveness of virus pandemic social lockdowns. A hypothesis is proposed for atmospheric circulation and virus mutations linked to solar activity and cosmic ray cycles. Several stages of viral migration and mutation are proposed: the ascent of viruses with aero plankton into the atmosphere to altitudes of up to 11–15 km, their mutation under the influence of cosmic rays and shortwave solar radiation, and the subsequent precipitation of mutated viruses to the Earth’s surface via rain at distances of up to 2500–3000 km from the initial outbreak virus site. At an altitude of 5 km, the bioefficiency and mutational impact of cosmic rays increases tenfold, and at altitudes of 11 km, it increases 100-fold. At the same time, localized long-lived areas with increased virus concentrations (or stable fluxes) arise in the troposphere layers of the atmosphere and the tropopause, subject to the constant active mutational impact of solar and galactic cosmic rays, as well as ultraviolet and X-ray radiation from the Sun. The cyclical nature of mutations is tied to solar cycle extrema: peaks in solar cosmic rays and shortwave solar radiation at the solar cycle maximum and peaks in galactic cosmic rays at the solar cycle minimum. Subsequent concentration of moisture on aeroplankton during cloud formation facilitates subsequent precipitation, which carries mutated virus and bacterial colonies in the upper troposphere back into the near-surface atmosphere, soil, and water bodies. This mechanism ensures atmospheric circulation and mutations of viruses/aeroplankton and triggers the emergence of viral pandemics at any solar activity extrema, including the minima of solar activity cycles of various scales, from the 11-year cycle to the centennial one. The atmospheric circulation of pathogenic viruses and their mutations explains the low effectiveness of social terrestrial lockdowns during viral pandemics. The discussed mechanism of atmospheric circulation transport, cyclicity, and mutations of atmospheric bioplankton may be highly promising for constructing models of a possible atmospheric biosphere on Venus, and for the development of the Russian Venera-D space mission. The Venusian atmosphere has a wide range of pressures and temperatures, structured, stable macrocirculation, and a distinct separation of the boundaries of different environments, which allows for the effective, sustainable formation, development, and transfer of diverse ecological niches within the planet’s atmosphere.