Trilinear Height and the AGGP Framework: A Formal Connection to the Birch and Swinnerton-Dyer Conjecture in Rank 3

This document presents a study on the Birch and Swinnerton-Dyer (BSD) conjecture for elliptic curves of rank 3. We define the trilinear height H_3(E) as the determinant of the Néron-Tate height pairing matrix of the generators of the Mordell-Weil group. We numerically verify the complete BSD formula for 50 rank-3 elliptic curves with conductor between 5,077 and 32,276, selected by direct enumeration from the Cremona database via forell. In all 50 curves, the equality L'''(E,1)/6 = Ω(E)·Reg(E)·∏c_p(E)/|E(Q)_tors|^2 holds with |Ш(E)|=1, with a maximum precision of ~9.5×10^-35. We connect this result conceptually with the Beilinson-Bloch-Kato (BBK) framework, which generalizes BSD and incorporates the regulator. We also show formally that the K-theoretic route (K_2(E), K_4(E)) cannot work for rank ≥ 2, by an argument based on invariance under quadratic twist. The connection with F-theory and the Deligne period remains speculative and is not established.

Authors

Publication Details

Journal
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
Published
2026-09-10
DOI
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.22685805
Primary Topic
Algebraic Geometry and Number Theory
Type
preprint
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preprint

Trilinear Height and the AGGP Framework: A Formal Connection to the Birch and Swinnerton-Dyer Conjecture in Rank 3

Alvaro Alejandro Martinez Casallas
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
Algebraic Geometry and Number Theory
preprint

Trilinear Height and the AGGP Framework: A Formal Connection to the Birch and Swinnerton-Dyer Conjecture in Rank 3

Alvaro Alejandro Martinez Casallas
preprint en

Abstract

This document presents a study on the Birch and Swinnerton-Dyer (BSD) conjecture for elliptic curves of rank 3. We define the trilinear height H_3(E) as the determinant of the Néron-Tate height pairing matrix of the generators of the Mordell-Weil group. We numerically verify the complete BSD formula for 50 rank-3 elliptic curves with conductor between 5,077 and 32,276, selected by direct enumeration from the Cremona database via forell. In all 50 curves, the equality L'''(E,1)/6 = Ω(E)·Reg(E)·∏c_p(E)/|E(Q)_tors|^2 holds with |Ш(E)|=1, with a maximum precision of ~9.5×10^-35. We connect this result conceptually with the Beilinson-Bloch-Kato (BBK) framework, which generalizes BSD and incorporates the regulator. We also show formally that the K-theoretic route (K_2(E), K_4(E)) cannot work for rank ≥ 2, by an argument based on invariance under quadratic twist. The connection with F-theory and the Deligne period remains speculative and is not established.

Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
Algebraic Geometry and Number Theory
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