Evaluation of a Web-Based Silica Exposure Risk Assessment Tool in Construction: Data Appraisal and User Trial

Background: Respirable crystalline silica (RCS) presents persistent health risks in construction, and predictive exposure models offer a potential complement to traditional monitoring. This study evaluated the applicability of the British Columbia Construction Safety Alliance (BCCSA) Silica Control ToolTM for use in the construction sector in Victoria, Australia. Methods: A two-phase evaluation was undertaken. First, a desktop interrogation of the Tool’s underpinning data, statistical model development and documented limitations was performed, including statistical review. Second, a user trial was conducted with 12 Victorian industry stakeholders who completed realistic task scenarios within the Tool and generated Exposure Control Plans (ECPs). Qualitative feedback was obtained through observation and focus group discussion. Results: The interrogation demonstrated that the Tool is built on a large, iteratively improved North American exposure database, with well developed and statistically sound modelling framework; however, its predictive validity has not yet been independently evaluated using Australian exposure data. Stakeholders produced 14 ECPs across diverse silica-generating tasks, showing that the Tool responded sensitively to changes in task parameters and control selections. Thematic analysis identified five key themes: usability, regulatory alignment, clarity of terminology, gaps in task representation, and adherence to the hierarchy of controls. Participants saw strong potential for the Tool but emphasised the need for Australian data integration, clearer definitions, enhanced usability, and localised terminology. Conclusions: The BCCSA Silica Control ToolTM demonstrates a technically robust North American modelling framework and strong stakeholder acceptability, but Australian-specific validation and adaptation are required before adoption in Victoria. Incorporating Australian exposure data, tailoring terminology and ensuring alignment with local legislation are critical next steps.