In-hospital outcomes of stroke patients with calcium pyrophosphate deposition disease: a retrospective analysis of the national inpatient sample

Abstract Background Calcium pyrophosphate deposition disease (CPPD) may contribute to vascular risk through systemic inflammation and calcification, yet its impact on stroke outcomes remains underexplored. We aimed to evaluate the clinical characteristics, in-hospital outcomes, and healthcare resource utilization of stroke patients with and without CPPD. Methods We conducted a retrospective analysis of the National Inpatient Sample (NIS) from 2015 to 2019. Adult hospitalizations for stroke were identified, with CPPD diagnoses determined, using ICD codes. Multivariable regression models were adjusted for age, sex, year, comorbidities, and (where relevant) length of stay. A propensity score matched (PSM) analysis was performed to address baseline differences in cardiovascular risk profile. Results Among 1,834,410 weighted stroke admissions, 1120 (0.06%) had a co-diagnosis of CPPD. CPPD patients were older and had a higher comorbidity burden. Lower in-hospital mortality was observed, though this was attenuated in the PSM analysis. CPPD patients also had longer hospital stays and higher total charges. Conclusions Stroke patients with CPPD represent an older, more comorbid population with greater healthcare utilization. The mortality finding warrants further investigation in prospective studies with clinical data on CPPD disease activity and treatment.