Exploring the Impact of Occupational Hazards on the Mental Health of Farmworkers: A Qualitative Study in Maruleng, Limpopo Province

Mental health encompasses emotional, psychological, and social well-being, influencing how individuals’ function and cope with life events. In the agricultural industry, the use of machinery and chemicals to increase productivity exposes farmworkers to a range of occupational hazards. These hazards often create unsafe working conditions that can contribute to mental health problems, including anxiety and depression. This study explored the impact of the occupational hazards on the mental health of the farmworkers at Maruleng, Limpopo Province. A qualitative research approach and phenomenological research design were adopted. In-depth individual, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 15 farmworkers. The interviews were guided by a central question. Data were audio-recorded, transcribed and analysed using Tesch’s eight-step of open-coding method. The findings indicate that farmworkers in Maruleng are exposed to a range of occupational hazards that adversely affect their mental health. Participants reported experiencing significant psychological strain associated with unsafe working conditions on the farms. Employers were found to inadequately protect workers, as evidenced by poor maintenance of farm machinery, insufficient pesticides handling training, and the lack of appropriate and adequate personal protective equipment (PPE). The study concludes that limited institutional support and inadequate access to mental health services exacerbate risks to the health and safety of farmworkers in Maruleng. To address these challenges, mental health support should be strengthened through the implementation of employee assistance programmes on the farms and other relevant services. In addition, regular monitoring of machinery maintenance, working conditions and safety protocol practices on the farms is essential to ensure compliance with occupational health and safety standards.