Coagulation Factor VII (FVII 401G>T) and glycoprotein Ib alpha (GP1BA Kozak −5C/T) gene variants as predictors of acute coronary syndrome in Indians: evidence from a case–control study

BACKGROUND: Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) is a major cause of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Genetic variants affecting coagulation and platelet function, including Factor VII (FVII 401G>T) and GP1BA (Kozak -5 C/T), may influence ACS susceptibility. METHODS: This hospital-based case-control study included 150 ACS patients and 150 age- and sex-matched healthy controls at Era's Lucknow Medical College and Hospital. Clinical, anthropometric, and lipid parameters were recorded, and FVII and GP1BA polymorphisms were genotyped using PCR-RFLP. RESULTS: ACS patients had significantly higher BMI, blood pressure, LDL, VLDL, triglycerides, and total cholesterol, with lower HDL levels (all p<0.001). The FVII TT genotype (22.0% vs. 10.7%; OR=3.00, 95% CI: 1.48-6.10) and T allele (46.3% vs. 34.0%; OR=1.68, 95% CI: 1.21-2.33) were significantly associated with increased ACS risk. GP1BA genotypes and alleles showed no significant association with ACS. Neither polymorphism differed significantly across ACS subtypes. CONCLUSION: FVII 401G>T may be an important genetic susceptibility marker for ACS in the North Indian population, whereas GP1BA Kozak -5 C/T showed no significant association.