Glioblastoma after deep brain stimulation: a case report and literature review

Abstract Background Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is an established treatment for movement disorders, whereas glioblastoma is the most common malignant primary brain tumor. Their coexistence is rarely reported. Objective To report a case of glioblastoma developing after DBS and review the literature. Methods A 64-year-old man developed glioblastoma 2 years after bilateral subthalamic nucleus (STN) DBS for Parkinson’s disease. A literature review was performed using PubMed and Google Scholar. Results Only seven similar cases have been reported. Although no evidence supports a causal relationship between DBS and tumor formation, optimal management remains unclear. Conclusion Further studies are needed to clarify any association between chronic electrical stimulation and tumor development. New atypical neurological deficits in DBS patients should prompt neuroimaging. Multidisciplinary management is essential.