Protocols of Transcutaneous Posterior Tibial Nerve Stimulation Used for Urinary Dysfunction After Stroke: A Scoping Review Protocol

Urinary dysfunctions resulting from neurogenic bladder are common following stroke, compromising urinary continence and quality of life. Transcutaneous posterior tibial nerve stimulation (TPTNS) is a widely used conservative alternative; however, the protocols employed vary significantly. The aim of this study is to map and characterize the TPTNS protocols used to treat urinary dysfunction in post-stroke individuals. A scoping review will be conducted following the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) recommendations and reported according to PRISMA-ScR guidelines. Searches will be performed in the MEDLINE, PubMed, EMBASE, CENTRAL, CINAHL, PEDro, SPORTDiscus, Web of Science, and LILACS databases, with no language or date restrictions. Studies involving post-stroke individuals undergoing TPTNS for the treatment of urinary dysfunction will be included. Data regarding participant characteristics, stimulation parameters, session duration and frequency, and assessed outcomes will be extracted. Results will be presented as a narrative synthesis. The study aims to systematize the protocols used and identify knowledge gaps, thereby contributing to the standardization of the technique and to future research in post-stroke urological rehabilitation.