A comprehensive model for evaluating the efficiency and sustainability of industrial zones in Egypt

Abstract This research introduced a comprehensive evaluation model designed to assess the performance, sustainability, and competitiveness of industrial zones in Egypt. At the time of the study, gaps in planning, management, and localization policies led to uneven zone efficiency, hindering balanced regional development and national competitiveness. To address this, the research adopted a quantitative design utilizing multivariate statistical analysis. A robust dataset was compiled from a sample of 43 industrial zones (out of 172 nationally), spanning eight administrative authorities, including the Ministry of Industry, the Suez Canal Economic Zone (SCZONE), Industrial and Mining Projects Authority (IMPA), the Industrial Development Authority (IDA), the New Urban Communities Authority (NUCA), the governorates, and Industrial Developers. By integrating quantitative data with qualitative insights from interviews and questionnaires, the resulting model established clear evaluation and classification dimensions. The statistical analysis comprised three phases: descriptive statistics to describe indicators, cluster analysis to classify data into clusters, and factor analysis to examine variation and consistency in the data (52.82% variance, with indicators summarized into six consistent factors). Finally, regression analysis was used to derive the final equations according to their significance and importance in the model. This framework provided a crucial scientific basis for policy reform, evidence-based planning, and improved management of industrial zones, ultimately supporting decision-makers in enhancing Egypt’s industrial efficiency.