Feasibility of the PLACES intervention aimed at enhancing the work participation of unemployed and/or work-disabled cancer survivors: a qualitative study among stakeholders

Background Unemployed and/or work-disabled cancer survivors face significant challenges returning to paid employment, yet evidence-based interventions remain scarce. The PLACES intervention, a Supported Employment intervention based on Individual Placement and Support (IPS), provides individualized support for cancer survivors seeking employment. This study explored the feasibility of the PLACES intervention from stakeholders’ perspectives. Methods Semi-structured interviews were conducted with cancer survivors who received PLACES (n = 7) and one Dutch Social Security Agency (SSA) professional. Focus groups were held with coaches (n = 6), SSA professionals (n = 10), and reintegration consultants (n = 2). Data were analyzed using conventional content analysis guided by Bowen's feasibility framework, addressing acceptability, demand, implementation, practicality, adaptation, integration, expansion, and limited efficacy. Results PLACES was perceived feasible, with some barriers mentioned for integration and expansion. Acceptability was high when aligned with survivors' recovery stage, motivation, and work-readiness. Demand existed but depended on organizational awareness, referral clarity, and access to client information. Implementation required collaboration between coaches and SSA professionals, whereas practicality relied on flexibility to accommodate survivors’ fluctuating health. IPS principles were appropriately adapted, though integration with healthcare was limited. Integration into routine SSA practice appeared realistic if aligned with procurement and workflows. Expansion seemed feasible but dependent on successful implementation and integration. Limited efficacy indicated improvements in confidence, self-efficacy, and progress toward employment, regardless of obtaining paid employment. Conclusions PLACES is feasible and acceptable across stakeholders, with potential positive psychosocial and occupational outcomes. Sustainable implementation and expansion require alignment with SSA procedures and increased awareness.