Sociocultural and religious influences on breast cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy at Ho Teaching Hospital, Ghana

Abstract Despite growing literature on cultural and religious influences on breast cancer diagnosis and treatment choices in Ghana, limited empirical evidence focuses specifically on women undergoing chemotherapy and how these beliefs shape their treatment trajectories within tertiary care settings. This study explored the sociocultural and religious influences on patients with breast cancer undergoing chemotherapy at Ho Teaching Hospital, Ghana. A qualitative descriptive phenomenological approach was employed. A purposive sampling technique was employed to recruit 14 patients with breast cancer undergoing chemotherapy. Face-to-face interviews were conducted, and all interviews were transcribed verbatim. Data were analyzed using Colaizzi’s descriptive phenomenological method. Three major themes emerged: (1) knowledge and understanding of breast cancer and chemotherapy, (2) sociocultural influences on the acceptance of chemotherapy, and (3) religious and spiritual influences on chemotherapy acceptance and uptake. Participants showed varying knowledge of breast cancer and chemotherapy; however, misconceptions surrounding cancer causation, particularly beliefs linking breast cancer to curses and spiritual attacks, contributed to delays and reluctance toward biomedical treatment. Family members, religious leaders, and faith communities played important roles in shaping treatment decisions by providing emotional encouragement, spiritual guidance, and financial support. This study highlights the significant impact of socio-cultural and religious factors on chemotherapy acceptance among breast cancer patients in Ghana. The findings emphasize the need for culturally sensitive patient education, stigma reduction efforts, and collaboration with religious and community leaders. Addressing sociocultural barriers can enhance timely access and adherence to life-saving treatment.