The Dimension of Space from the Granularity of Hilbert Space

Why do we live in a three-dimensional world? It has been asked since antiquity. We now know the answer; it follows from two postulates and one premise. The first postulate is that quantum mechanics is granular: every quantum state is a record of L bits, L = 6.4×10⁶¹ a universal constant, and Ref. [1] placed that record on a ring of L Planck cells. The second is that the momenta an elementary interaction can carry are labeled by the cells of a sphere in n-dimensional space built on such rings, with n left open, integer or not. The premise is that elementary interactions are two-body, since three particles meeting in one cell in one tick is a double coincidence. A two-body event's momenta lie in a plane, and a plane meets the sphere in one great circle, so the event needs a direction and a momentum, L values of each: L² for any n. Palmer's rule that every probability is a multiple of 1/L, applied to each angle, gives the sphere L^(n−1) cells, and L^(n−1) = L² requires n = 3. Ref. [2]'s Planck pixels, defined by the horizon entropy, not the register, agree to a factor π; as an equation in real n their single root is 3.008, and 2 or 4 would need either count wrong by a factor 3×10³⁰. The sphere is one, so the space is one, and every interaction's plane lies in it. A three-body elementary collision, or an energy-dependent speed of light, would falsify it.

Authors

Publication Details

Journal
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
Published
2026-09-09
DOI
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.22678538
Primary Topic
Statistical Mechanics and Entropy
Type
preprint
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The Dimension of Space from the Granularity of Hilbert Space

Andrew Korytko
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
Statistical Mechanics and Entropy
preprint

The Dimension of Space from the Granularity of Hilbert Space

Andrew Korytko
preprint en

Abstract

Why do we live in a three-dimensional world? It has been asked since antiquity. We now know the answer; it follows from two postulates and one premise. The first postulate is that quantum mechanics is granular: every quantum state is a record of L bits, L = 6.4×10⁶¹ a universal constant, and Ref. [1] placed that record on a ring of L Planck cells. The second is that the momenta an elementary interaction can carry are labeled by the cells of a sphere in n-dimensional space built on such rings, with n left open, integer or not. The premise is that elementary interactions are two-body, since three particles meeting in one cell in one tick is a double coincidence. A two-body event's momenta lie in a plane, and a plane meets the sphere in one great circle, so the event needs a direction and a momentum, L values of each: L² for any n. Palmer's rule that every probability is a multiple of 1/L, applied to each angle, gives the sphere L^(n−1) cells, and L^(n−1) = L² requires n = 3. Ref. [2]'s Planck pixels, defined by the horizon entropy, not the register, agree to a factor π; as an equation in real n their single root is 3.008, and 2 or 4 would need either count wrong by a factor 3×10³⁰. The sphere is one, so the space is one, and every interaction's plane lies in it. A three-body elementary collision, or an energy-dependent speed of light, would falsify it.

Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
Statistical Mechanics and Entropy
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The Dimension of Space from the Granularity of Hilbert Space — Andrew Korytko · Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research) (2026) | TGRS Research Map | TGRS