Noncovalent Interaction-Catalyzed High Conversion of Waste PET Plastics into Organic Esters under Mild Conditions

Abstract Herein, we report a versatile esterolysis strategy, driven by noncovalent interactions (such as hydrogen bonding and electrostatic forces), that depolymerizes waste poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) into high-value molecular precursors under mild conditions. This strategy can be applied to a broad range of ester substrates, including carboxylates, carbonates, and silicon/titanium (Si/Ti)-based esters. A series of mechanistic studies reveal that the TBD catalyst serves a dual function. It catalyzes the in situ generation of methanol from dimethyl carbonate while simultaneously driving the cleavage of C–O bonds in PET via hydrogen bonding and electrostatic interactions. Ultimately, this work establishes a widely applicable and sustainable platform for PET upcycling, which not only enhances the valorization of plastic waste but also provides a scalable solution to the global plastic pollution crisis.