Effect of Remote Work on Intention to Stay in Thailand’s Tech Industry: A TOE Framework Perspective

This study investigates the determinants of employees’ intention to stay in Thailand’s technology industry under remote work arrangements, using the technology–organisation–environment (TOE) framework as a contextual organising framework and drawing on social exchange and job demands–resources reasoning to explain employee-level attitudinal responses. Drawing on survey data from 650 professionals, the study tests a model linking technological, organisational, and environmental conditions to intention to stay through organisational commitment and job satisfaction. The results indicate that favourable technological characteristics, organisational support, communication processes, and government regulatory support strengthen organisational commitment, whereas technological complexity and home environment interference weaken it. Organisational commitment positively influences job satisfaction, which in turn enhances intention to stay. Additional robustness analyses comparing competing structural specifications indicate that the proposed indirect pathway is substantively stable, although a direct organisational commitment–intention-to-stay relationship cannot be ruled out. The study therefore positions TOE as a contextual taxonomy whose employee-level effects operate primarily through attitudinal mechanisms rather than claiming that TOE alone constitutes an individual-level behavioural theory.