Analysis of kinematic indicators of low ball reception technique in para-volleyball players

Purpose of the study was to analyze the kinematic indicators of low ball reception technique in para-volleyball players with different sports qualifications. The study was conducted at the SPORT 360° 3D MA Biomechanical Laboratory of the Uzbekistan State University of Physical Education and Sport. Para-volleyball players of the first sports category and candidates for Master of Sports participated in the study. The kinematic structure of low ball reception was assessed using 3D motion analysis with emphasis on forward and backward shoulder displacement, elbow flexion and extension, and shoulder flexion with return to the initial position. The obtained indicators were compared according to mean values, standard deviation, absolute limits, coefficient of variability, and range of motion. The results showed that candidates for Master of Sports demonstrated a larger range of motion, more expressed elbow flexion, and more stable shoulder movement patterns during low ball reception. The findings indicate that 3D biomechanical analysis can be used as an objective tool for monitoring and correcting technical actions in para-volleyball.