The Essence of the Three Compensatory Forces as Compensation of the Speed of Light

Traditional physics has long regarded mass as the origin of gravitational force, electromagnetic force and strong force, holding that material mass determines the strength of fundamental interactions. Derived from the new light origin theory, the three compensatory forces namely gravitational force, electromagnetic force and strong force are essentially compensation effects of the speed of light. Their fundamental origin is rooted in the inherent property where energy and the speed of light are integrated as one. The energy state consists mainly of various photons and features a relatively simple system. By contrast, the material state has complex structures and enormous scales, filled with numerous celestial bodies and material structures. The operation of the material state must rely on instantaneous non contact compensatory forces to sustain the overall motion of the universe. Relying merely on the finite propagation mode of light in the energy state cannot drive such a huge and complex material universe. Free light achieves self locking through the strong force and forms photon cages which constitute all material particles including protons, neutrons and electrons. A photon cage presents the material state externally with mass and volume. Inside the cage, the original energy state properties are permanently preserved and internal motion maintains the speed of light at all times. Material mass is not a physical origin. It is only an external characterization of the energy locked inside the photon cage, satisfying the conversion relation that locked energy divided by the square of the speed of light equals mass. This paper strictly distinguishes two independent concepts namely the energy state and the material state. The two states can be referenced against each other but their conceptual scopes must never be mixed. The speed of light is a constant underlying capability. It determines whether particles can generate interactions. The magnitude of force is determined by the superposition scale of energy. The motion speed corresponding to each portion of energy always equals the speed of light and energy superposition will not change the speed of light itself. Electric charge does not belong to energy effects and bears no connection to energy magnitude. It is determined only by the clockwise and counter clockwise disturbance directions and the number of disturbing particles generated by self locking of photon cages. The neutron is formed by combination of proton and electron instead of direct self locking through collision of gamma photons. Inside a neutron coexist two gamma photon disturbances with different sources and huge energy gaps. Their external disturbance effects cancel each other out. This further proves that the external disturbance effect of a closed particle has nothing to do with the energy level of internal photons and is determined only by the number of disturbance units and the overall disturbance state. This paper clarifies the real causal relationship among mass, speed of light, energy and force. It breaks the long standing misunderstanding of formula derived causal inversion in physics and establishes that the real underlying origin of the three interactions lies in compensation of the speed of light.