Impact of Intimate Partner Violence on Postoperative Psychological Adaptation and Nursing Outcomes in Female Enterostomy Patients: A Cohort Study

To assess the impact of intimate partner violence (IPV) on postoperative psychological adaptation and nursing outcomes in female patients with enterostomy across multiple departments, a prospective cohort study was conducted. Between January and December 2024, 188 women who underwent enterostomy in the Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Colorectal Surgery, and General Surgery were enrolled and followed for 11 months. IPV exposure was evaluated within 1 week after surgery, and participants were categorized as an IPV group (n = 54) or a non-IPV group (n = 134). The IPV exposure rate was 28.7%. Compared with the non-IPV group, the IPV group had higher anxiety and depression scores, persistently higher serum cortisol levels at each postoperative time point, and lower early stoma mucosal blood supply scores. By the end of follow-up, the IPV group showed higher rates of stoma complications (38.9%) and readmission (24.1%), alongside poorer stoma-care compliance, lower nursing compliance scores, and lower scores across quality-of-life domains. Multivariable logistic regression analysis indicated that IPV exposure was independently associated with stoma complications (OR = 3.764, 95% CI 1.133 - 12.505, p = 0.030). These findings suggest that IPV amplifies postoperative stress responses and undermines rehabilitation in female enterostomy patients. Clinically, a cross-departmental screening pathway and tailored postoperative support for IPV-exposed patients may help improve recovery and nursing outcomes.