INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGIES IN ANATOMY EDUCATION AND THEIR INTEGRATION WITH ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE

Human anatomy is a fundamental component of medical education because accurate anatomical knowledge is necessary for physical examination, medical imaging interpretation, diagnosis, and safe clinical procedures. Traditional methods, including lectures, textbooks, anatomical models, and cadaveric dissection, remain important; however, they may be limited by reduced teaching hours, insufficient cadaver availability, high maintenance costs, and difficulties in presenting complex three-dimensional relationships. Digital technologies and artificial intelligence offer new opportunities to create interactive, adaptive, and clinically oriented learning environments.This study aimed to analyze innovative technologies used in anatomy education and evaluate their relationship with artificial intelligence, including their educational advantages, limitations, and potential directions for implementation.A narrative literature review was conducted using recent scientific publications on anatomy education, artificial intelligence, virtual and augmented reality, three-dimensional visualization, virtual dissection, simulation, gamification, and intelligent tutoring systems. The findings were organized according to the principal technological approaches, their pedagogical functions, reported educational outcomes, and implementation challenges.Virtual reality, augmented reality, mixed reality, three-dimensional anatomical platforms, virtual dissection tables, mobile applications, three-dimensional printing, gamification, and online learning environments improve access to anatomical content and support interactive visualization. Artificial intelligence extends the capabilities of these technologies by enabling personalized learning, adaptive testing, automated feedback, virtual tutoring, performance analysis, content generation, and early identification of students experiencing learning difficulties. Nevertheless, current evidence does not consistently demonstrate that digital technologies are superior to all traditional teaching methods. Their effectiveness depends on instructional design, technical quality, faculty competence, and integration with conventional anatomical teaching.Artificial intelligence and innovative digital technologies should be considered complementary rather than complete replacements for traditional anatomy education. A blended educational model combining cadaveric material, teacher-guided instruction, three-dimensional visualization, clinical imaging, and AI-supported personalized learning may provide the most effective and sustainable approach.