Racial discrimination and healthcare disparities in sickle cell disease: An integrative review

Sickle cell disease is an inherited genetic disorder that predominantly affects the Black population and can lead to serious complications like stroke and acute chest syndrome, significantly compromising the quality of life of those affected. An integrative literature review was conducted to explore the impact of racial discrimination experienced by patients with sickle cell disease and its influence on the clinical management of the condition. Eleven articles were identified that discussed how the Black population, which often faces vulnerable socioeconomic situations, receives less favorable clinical prognoses given these inequalities. This review emphasizes that institutional racism and racial bias not only lead to higher rates of depression in patients but also influence how healthcare professionals understand and address the disease. This article also examines the relationship between racial discrimination and patient experiences with sickle cell disease, emphasizing the need for more equitable treatment options and for implementing policies that address racial inequalities in healthcare. Additionally, it underscores the importance of social movements in raising awareness of sickle cell disease and influencing health policies.