In Vivo Nb 4 C 3 T x MXene‐Assisted Photothermal Therapy of Melanoma in Mice
Niobium‐based MXenes exhibitefficient near‐infrared (NIR) absorption but remain underexplored for in vivo cancer therapy. In this study, we investigated Nb 4 C 3 T x MXene as an NIR‐II photothermal therapy (PTT) sensitizer for melanoma. Both in vitro and in vivo experiments were performed using Nb 4 C 3 T x in combination with pulsed 1064 nm laser irradiation. Tumor growth, histological changes, and spatial localization of MXene were assessed to evaluate therapeutic efficacy and safety. Nb 4 C 3 T x significantly enhanced tumor suppression under pulsed NIR‐II irradiation, inducing extensive destruction of melanoma cells while sparing surrounding tissue. Histological analysis revealed macrophage‐mediated uptake and clearance of MXene, with no evidence of persistent accumulation in tumor remnants or visceral organs. Pulsed laser irradiation provided precise and rapid heating, improving treatment accuracy and minimizing collateral damage. However, complete tumor eradication was not achieved, likely owing to limited light penetration in bulky tumors and the nontargeted distribution of pristine MXene. Our study demonstrates the feasibility and safety of Nb 4 C 3 T x MXene‐assisted PTT in vivo, providing the first experimental evidence of its therapeutic potential in melanoma treatment. These findings establish Nb 4 C 3 T x as a promising platform for pulsed laser–mediated PTT, while highlighting the need for targeted functionalization and treatment optimization to achieve selective tumor ablation.
Authors
- Ilya Yanko
- T. Shapochka
- Anton Roshchupkin (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3292-2862)
- Veronika Zahorodna (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8873-015X)
- Anastasia Konieva (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8516-1353)
- Gulnaz Gahramanova (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7235-8261)
- Lucia Gemma Delogu (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2329-7260)
- Laura Fusco (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1418-507X)
- Benjamin Chacon (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0007-3486-9010)
- Ihor Panko (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0004-3327-5948)
- Júlio Sílvio de Sousa Bueno Filho (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3243-0959)
- Oleksandr Solodovnyk (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2785-5175)
- Maksym Pogorielov (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9372-7791)
- Oleksiy Gogotsi (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3173-4432)
- Oksana Sulaieva (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9614-4652)
- Sergiy Kyrylenko (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4343-0065)
- Zhanna Klishchova (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2401-2455)
- Inna Chorna (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3094-4518)
- Ivan Baginskiy (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0092-9018)
- Milena Yalyzhko
- Andrii Liutyi (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0005-5975-8769)
- Erfan Rezvani Ghomi
- Yury Gogotsi
Institutions
- Universidade Federal de Lavras (BR)
- Azerbaijan State Oil and Industry University (AZ)
- University of Padua (IT)
- Nanyang Technological University (SG)
- Khalifa University of Science and Technology (AE)
- Sumy State University (UA)
- Kyiv Medical University (UA)
- Scientific Centre for Aerospace Research of the Earth (UA)
- Essen University Hospital (DE)
- Institute for Polymer Mechanics (LV)
- Nano Carbon (Poland) (PL)
- Drexel University (US)
- University of Latvia (LV)
Publication Details
- Journal
- Advanced NanoBiomed Research
- Published
- 2026-09-04
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1002/anbr.70157
- Primary Topic
- MXene and MAX Phase Materials
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 0.00