Highly Effective Lysozyme-Based Antibacterial Compositions Containing Activating Additives

Abstract Objective: This study evaluates established low-molecular-weight activators of lysozyme and reports a novel lysozyme-based antibacterial composition containing charged amino acids and a pharmaceutically acceptable surfactant. These compounds exhibit biocompatibility and safety, both individually and in combination. Methods: The bacteriolytic effect of the composition was tested on live bacteria from various families, specifically, Micrococcus luteus (non-pathogenic Gram-positive cocci with some similarity in cell wall structure to pathogenic streptococci and staphylococci), Escherichia coli (a Gram-negative rod-shaped bacterium, a non-pathogenic analogue of the causative agents of salmonellosis, typhoid fever, bacterial dysentery, and plague), and Priestia megaterium (spore-forming Gram-positive bacilli, a non-pathogenic analogue of the causative agent of anthrax). Results and Discussion: This antibacterial composition can be used to kill bacteria on various surfaces in public places and at home, including antibiotic-resistant bacteria, since the mechanism of its antibacterial action is fundamentally different from that of antibiotics. Conclusions: The constituents of the proposed antibacterial composition also have the potential to be developed into food supplements. Our findings provide a basis for enhancing the antibacterial activity of lysozyme within the body, both in extracellular biological fluids and within the lysosomes of immune cells, which are responsible for the destruction of pathogenic cells and antigen presentation, followed by the regulation of antibody synthesis.