Geometric Derivation of Lepton Generations and the Weak Mixing Angle via Topological Hopfion Resonances

This repository contains a theoretical manuscript and its accompanying numerical Python script, presenting a top-down geometric derivation of the Standard Model's lepton generations (Electron, Muon, Tau) and the weak mixing angle (Weinberg angle). By modeling the quantum vacuum as a continuous scalar field, fundamental particles are strictly defined as stable topological excitations (Hopfion knots). The generations are differentiated exclusively by their topological winding numbers ($W=2$, $W=7$, $W=29$) and geometric resonance radii ($R=16\xi_e$, $R=14\xi_e$) within the field geometry. This framework replaces arbitrary free parameters (such as Yukawa couplings) in the Standard Model with deterministic topological geometry, offering a formal mathematical justification for the existence of exactly three lepton generations based on the constraints of differential topology and exotic spheres.

Authors

Publication Details

Journal
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
Published
2026-09-04
DOI
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.22296682
Primary Topic
Neutrino Physics Research
Type
preprint
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preprint

Geometric Derivation of Lepton Generations and the Weak Mixing Angle via Topological Hopfion Resonances

jan robin sæbø
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
Neutrino Physics Research
preprint

Geometric Derivation of Lepton Generations and the Weak Mixing Angle via Topological Hopfion Resonances

jan robin sæbø
preprint en

Abstract

This repository contains a theoretical manuscript and its accompanying numerical Python script, presenting a top-down geometric derivation of the Standard Model's lepton generations (Electron, Muon, Tau) and the weak mixing angle (Weinberg angle). By modeling the quantum vacuum as a continuous scalar field, fundamental particles are strictly defined as stable topological excitations (Hopfion knots). The generations are differentiated exclusively by their topological winding numbers ($W=2$, $W=7$, $W=29$) and geometric resonance radii ($R=16\xi_e$, $R=14\xi_e$) within the field geometry. This framework replaces arbitrary free parameters (such as Yukawa couplings) in the Standard Model with deterministic topological geometry, offering a formal mathematical justification for the existence of exactly three lepton generations based on the constraints of differential topology and exotic spheres.

Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
Neutrino Physics Research
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