Epidemiological Spectrum of Palmoplantar Dermatoses in Central India: A Hospital-based Cross-sectional Study

Abstract Context: Palmoplantar dermatoses are the skin disorders affecting the palms and soles – areas characterized by distinct anatomical, physiological, and environmental exposures. The clinical impact of these disorders is greater, owing to their often-visible nature, chronic course, and association with pain, functional impairment, and psychosocial distress. Aims: A comprehensive analysis of the clinical spectrum of palmoplantar dermatoses at a tertiary care setting in Central India, with particular focus on demographic distribution, etiological classification, and diagnostic challenges encountered in routine practice. Materials and Methods: A prospective cross-sectional study carried out over a period of 1 year in the department of dermatology at a tertiary center in Central India after taking approval from the institutional ethical committee. Results: Out of 500 patients enrolled, 249 were male and 251 were female. The most common age group affected was 31–40 years, comprising 217 (43.4%) subjects. Disease duration of more than 6 months was seen in 297 patients. The majority of patients, 288 (57.6%), were residing in urban areas, and 138 (27.6%) individuals were laborers by profession. Palmoplantar eczema was the most common dermatosis, followed by palmoplantar psoriasis, keratoderma, and fungal infections affecting 27.6%, 13.2%, 10%, and 8% cases, respectively. Pruritus was present in 249 patients, while pain was reported by only 112 individuals. Plantar involvement was seen in 364 (72.8%) patients and nail changes were seen in 74 (14.8%) subjects. Conclusions: Our findings support the growing consensus that palmoplantar dermatoses represent a distinct clinical group requiring dedicated diagnostic algorithms and individualized treatment strategies.