Cooperative trading and low-carbon economic dispatch in multiple integrated energy systems based on comprehensive contribution

he cooperative operation of multi-integrated energy systems (MIES) significantly improves stability and reliability. However, achieving fair and efficient energy trading and profit distribution among individual integrated energy systems (IES) remains challenging, particularly when electricity, heat, and carbon quota trading are intertwined. To address this issue, we propose a collaborative optimization framework that simultaneously considers multi-energy trading and a comprehensive contribution index for revenue allocation. First, a peer-to-peer trading platform encompassing electricity, thermal, and carbon quotas is established, with each IES equipped with carbon capture and power-to-gas facilities. Second, a cooperative operation model is formulated using the Nash bargaining approach, quantifying the integrated contribution of each IES and integrating it into the profit distribution mechanism. Finally, the model is solved in a distributed manner via the Alternating Direction Method of Multipliers (ADMM), ensuring data privacy for all participants. The simulation results demonstrate that the proposed strategy not only reduces the total operating costs and carbon emissions of MIES but also stabilizes the cooperative relationship through a fair profit distribution mechanism.