The discourse of othering: an analysis of politics of inclusivity and exclusivity in Kenya

Over the years, there has been growing literature on othering in politics and democratic processes. These studies have indicated that othering is characterized by aggressive political rhetoric that is alienating, dehumanizing and potentially creates a hostile environment. Othering draws lines that define differences between self/ingroup and the other/outgroup. This happens as the self/ingroup juxtaposes who they are with who the other/outgroup is. While the self/ingroup is given a superior position, the other/outgroup is given an inferior position where they are subjugated, discriminated against and controlled. Consequently, they are denied their identity and sense of belonging. While Kenya has had a history of political violence every election year, there has not been systematic research analysing othering in political narratives during the lead-up period to a general election. Using Othering as the theoretical framework, this study adopted a discourse analysis approach and explored how the other is constructed in Kenya’s political discourse leading up to the 2022 general elections, and its implications for peaceful co-existence. The findings provide insights into how othering is enacted in Kenya’s political rhetoric and practices and its potential implications.