Seismic-stratigraphic modeling and seismic-stratigraphic stacking. Depth tomography

This preprint presents the theory and algorithms of Seismic-Stratigraphic Modeling and Seismic-Stratigraphic Stacking (SSS). The approach is based on estimating local kinematic parameters of seismic wavefields at every trace and time sample and using time increments to construct complete reflection traveltime functions and kinematic models of the wavefield. The resulting seismic-stratigraphic sections and kinematic seismograms can be used for seismic imaging, noise suppression, and analysis of multifold seismic data. Seismic-Stratigraphic Stacking belongs to the class of multifocusing methods and is related to Multifocusing (MF) and Common Reflection Surface (CRS) methods. Unlike conventional local multifocusing approaches, SSS constructs complete stacking traveltime functions from locally estimated reflection slopes; these functions may contain multiple extrema and therefore permit the use of large stacking apertures for enhanced suppression of random noise and detection of very weak seismic reflections. The preprint also considers two-dimensional Seismic-Stratigraphic Stacking for multifold seismic data and 3D seismic cubes, as well as the inverse kinematic problem and Depth Tomography based on traveltime derivatives and the reciprocal-point method. The Seismic-Stratigraphic Stacking algorithms have been implemented in the CubeTechnology seismic data processing and interpretation system and tested on seismic data from different regions. This publication contains a preprint of an article accepted for publication in the Siberian Journal of Industrial Mathematics (© Sobolev Institute of Mathematics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 2024; © Novosibirsk State Technical University, 2024).