Fecal Metabolomic Profiles by LDL-C Target Achievement Status in Statin-treated Patients: A Cross-sectional Study

{"Whether":[0],"the":[1,103,133,163],"fecal":[2,157,204],"metabolome":[3],"differs":[4],"according":[5],"to":[6,84,228],"intensive":[7],"low-density":[8],"lipoprotein":[9],"cholesterol":[10],"(LDL-C)":[11],"target":[12,90,193],"achievement":[13,194],"among":[14],"statin-treated":[15,24],"patients":[16],"is":[17],"unclear.":[18],"In":[19,190],"this":[20],"cross-sectional":[21],"study,":[22],"124":[23],"adults":[25],"with":[26,89,186,200],"chronic":[27,72],"disease":[28],"were":[29,56,82,99,118],"stratified":[30],"by":[31,58],"fasting":[32],"LDL-C":[33,164,192,231],"into":[34],"a":[35,45,113,201],"target-achieved":[36],"group":[37,47],"(<":[38],"70":[39,49],"mg/dL,":[40,50],"n":[41,51],"=":[42,52,116],"52)":[43],"and":[44,65,75,96,123,145,151,173,176,208,220,233],"target-not-achieved":[46],"(≥":[48],"72).":[53],"Stool":[54],"samples":[55],"profiled":[57],"untargeted":[59],"ultra-high-performance":[60],"liquid":[61],"chromatography-tandem":[62],"mass":[63],"spectrometry,":[64],"multivariable":[66],"models":[67],"adjusted":[68],"for":[69,112,120],"age,":[70],"sex,":[71],"kidney":[73],"disease,":[74],"angiotensin-converting":[76],"enzyme":[77],"inhibitor/angiotensin":[78],"receptor":[79],"blocker":[80],"use":[81],"used":[83,119],"identify":[85],"metabolites":[86],"independently":[87],"associated":[88,199],"achievement.":[91],"Statin":[92],"dose,":[93],"treatment":[94],"duration":[95],"glucose-lowering":[97],"therapy":[98,197],"also":[100],"compared":[101],"between":[102,132],"groups.":[104,135],"Paired":[105],"16S":[106],"rRNA":[107],"gene":[108],"sequencing":[109],"data":[110],"available":[111],"subset":[114],"(n":[115],"86)":[117],"integrative":[121],"correlation":[122],"network":[124,178],"analyses.":[125],"Partial":[126],"least-squares":[127],"discriminant":[128],"analysis":[129,169,179],"showed":[130],"separation":[131],"two":[134],"Eight":[136],"annotated":[137],"metabolites-glutamine,":[138],"glutamate,":[139],"phenylalanine,":[140],"N-acetyl-L-phenylalanine,":[141],"L-methionine,":[142],"N-acetyl-L-methionine,":[143],"lysine,":[144],"N-methyl-D-aspartic":[146],"acid,":[147],"predominantly":[148],"amino":[149,171,183,205,223],"acids":[150],"their":[152],"derivatives-were":[153],"present":[154],"at":[155],"lower":[156],"levels":[158],"in":[159,230],"participants":[160],"who":[161],"achieved":[162],"target.":[165],"Metabolite":[166],"set":[167],"enrichment":[168],"implicated":[170],"acid":[172,184,224],"nitrogen":[174],"metabolism,":[175],"multiomics":[177],"identified":[180],"an":[181,209],"Anaerotruncus-centered":[182],"module":[185],"high":[187],"degree":[188],"centrality.":[189],"conclusion,":[191],"under":[195],"statin":[196],"was":[198],"coherent":[202],"\\"low":[203],"acid\\"":[206],"signature":[207],"Anaerotruncus-linked":[210],"microbe-metabolite":[211],"hub.":[212],"These":[213],"findings":[214],"suggest":[215],"that":[216],"intestinal":[217],"nutrient":[218],"handling":[219],"gut":[221],"microbial":[222],"metabolism":[225],"may":[226],"contribute":[227],"variability":[229],"response,":[232],"they":[234],"warrant":[235],"prospective":[236],"mechanistic":[237],"evaluation.":[238]}

Authors

Institutions

Publication Details

Journal
Journal of Lipid Research
Published
2026-09-01
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jlr.2026.101136
Primary Topic
Lipoproteins and Cardiovascular Health
Type
article
Field-Weighted Citation Impact
0.00

Funders

Controls
|||
ALL TIME
JAN
FEB
MAR
APR
MAY
JUN
JUL
AUG
SEP
article

Fecal Metabolomic Profiles by LDL-C Target Achievement Status in Statin-treated Patients: A Cross-sectional Study

P. Peng, Szu‐Chia Chen, Jiun‐Chi Huang, Yi‐Hsiung Lin et al.
Journal of Lipid Research
Lipoproteins and Cardiovascular Health
article

Fecal Metabolomic Profiles by LDL-C Target Achievement Status in Statin-treated Patients: A Cross-sectional Study

P. Peng, Szu‐Chia Chen, Jiun‐Chi Huang, Yi‐Hsiung Lin, Yi‐Hsueh Liu, Wei‐Chun Hung, Pei-Yu Wu, Ping-Hsun Wu
article en

Abstract

Whether the fecal metabolome differs according to intensive low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) target achievement among statin-treated patients is unclear. In this cross-sectional study, 124 statin-treated adults with chronic disease were stratified by fasting LDL-C into a target-achieved group (< 70 mg/dL, n = 52) and a target-not-achieved group (≥ 70 mg/dL, n = 72). Stool samples were profiled by untargeted ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, and multivariable models adjusted for age, sex, chronic kidney disease, and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor/angiotensin receptor blocker use were used to identify metabolites independently associated with target achievement. Statin dose, treatment duration and glucose-lowering therapy were also compared between the groups. Paired 16S rRNA gene sequencing data available for a subset (n = 86) were used for integrative correlation and network analyses. Partial least-squares discriminant analysis showed separation between the two groups. Eight annotated metabolites-glutamine, glutamate, phenylalanine, N-acetyl-L-phenylalanine, L-methionine, N-acetyl-L-methionine, lysine, and N-methyl-D-aspartic acid, predominantly amino acids and their derivatives-were present at lower fecal levels in participants who achieved the LDL-C target. Metabolite set enrichment analysis implicated amino acid and nitrogen metabolism, and multiomics network analysis identified an Anaerotruncus-centered amino acid module with high degree centrality. In conclusion, LDL-C target achievement under statin therapy was associated with a coherent "low fecal amino acid" signature and an Anaerotruncus-linked microbe-metabolite hub. These findings suggest that intestinal nutrient handling and gut microbial amino acid metabolism may contribute to variability in LDL-C response, and they warrant prospective mechanistic evaluation.

Journal of Lipid Research
Kaohsiung Medical University (TW), Kaohsiung Medical University Chung-Ho Memorial Hospital (TW)
Kaohsiung Municipal Siaogang Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University
Openalex Percentile: Top 8%
Lipoproteins and Cardiovascular Health
AI Navigator

Ask Laika to Summarize, Analyze, and Connect papers live on the map.

Summarize Papers & Methodologies

Extract key findings, datasets, and comparative methods across publications.

Benchmark Rankings & Visual Analytics

Rank top research institutions, authors, funders, topics, and journals by Field-Weighted Citation Impact (FWCI) and paper volume with instant charts.

Connect Distant Disciplines

Bridge topological clusters on the map to find hidden collaborative intersections.