Preparation of non-mestal boron-doped g-C 3 N 5 composite for photocatalytic degradation of new fuchsin from wastewater

With the rapid development of industrialization, the treatment of organic dye wastewater has become an urgent environmental issue. To address the challenge of efficiently removing pollutants such as new fuchsin (NF), this study aims to enhance the photocatalytic performance of graphitic carbon nitride (g-C₃N₅) by mitigating its high recombination rate of photogenerated carriers. A non-metal boron-doped g-C 3 N 5 composite (B/C 3 N 5 ) is successfully synthesized via the high-temperature thermal polymerization method for photocatalytic degradation of the NF. The physicochemical properties of the B/C 3 N 5 composite are characterized and analyzed, showing excellent photocatalytic degradation activity. The photocatalytic degradation performance of the B/C 3 N 5 composite is improved compared to the g-C 3 N 5 owing to the excellent separation efficiency of photogenerated carriers. NF degradation removal of B/C 3 N 5 composite under visible light irradiation reaches the highest level of 97.36%, which is larger than that of C 3 N with the 70.98%. The apparent rate constant for photocatalytic degradation of NF is 0.0503 min-1, which is 4.98 times higher than that of the g-C₃N₅. Besides, the NF photocatalytic degradation process has excellent cyclic stability. The photocatalytic degradation mechanism analysis indicates that the N element vacancy defects are formed in the g-C 3 N 5 structure, and unpaired electrons are generated after non-metal B doping. Besides, the vacant 2p orbitals and the delocalized π bonds of g-C 3 N 5 form p-π electron delocalization, which promotes the transfer of photoelectrons and the separation of photogenerated carriers, contributing to NF photocatalytic degradation.