The emerging role of nanobiomaterials in the early detection and treatment of Alzheimer’s disease

The neurodegenerative condition known as Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is defined chiefly by intraneuronal tangles, large-scale neuronal death, and dementia. Although much progress has been made in Alzheimer’s research, early diagnosis of the disease and effective treatment are difficult; conventional diagnostic tests fail to detect the pathology until there is significant neurodegeneration, and many treatments do not penetrate the blood-brain barrier and have poor target specificity. Nanotechnology has the ability to completely transform neurodegenerative disease diagnosis and treatment. Sensitive molecule detection, efficient drug targeting, and integration are possible through nanotechnology-based diagnostic tools, drug delivery mechanisms, and medicines. A great deal has been achieved in the last decade with respect to this, and favorable outcomes in the therapy of AD have been witnessed. The objective of this review is to critically assess the novel potential of nanobiomaterials for early detection and treatment of AD, highlighting their contributions to sensitive biomarker detection, targeted drug delivery, multimodal imaging, and the challenges of clinical translation.