Inpatient Burden, Costs, and Characteristics of Peripheral Artery Disease in Slovenia

Introduction: We assessed inpatient burden, costs, demographics, comorbidity patterns, and outcomes of peripheral artery disease (PAD) in Slovenia. Methods: We included patients hospitalised for PAD (primary diagnosis, International Classification of Diseases, 10th revision, code I70.2-I70.9) in Slovenia between January 1st, 2015, and December 31st, 2022. We estimated crude and age-standardised hospitalisation rates, hospitalisation reimbursement costs, patient characteristics (age and sex distribution, disease severity and prevalence of comorbidities), uptake of revascularisation, major amputations and in-hospital mortality. Results: We included 15,978 patients (60% men, median age 72 years, 32% chronic limb-threatening ischaemia) with 27,139 hospital episodes, yielding a mean of ~3,400 hospitalisations per year (hospitalisation rate 161 per 100,000/year). Median direct cost (inflation-adjusted to 2025) per hospital episode was €3,177, yielding total costs of €10.8 million/year. The most common comorbidities were arterial hypertension (35%), dyslipidemia (21%) and diabetes mellitus (19%), with a significantly higher prevalence in patients with chronic limb-threatening ischaemia. During the observation period, revascularisation procedures increased from 77.5% to 80.2%, while major amputations decreased from 13.2% to 7.9%, and mortality decreased from 5.0% to 3.3%. Conclusions: The inpatient burden of PAD is considerable in Slovenia. Patients hospitalised for PAD have a high burden of comorbidities, especially when presenting with chronic limb-threatening ischaemia; nonetheless, in-hospital major amputations and mortality decreased substantially over the last decade.