Optimizing Pseudo‐Isochromatic Plates Based Testing Through Adaptive Spatial and Chromatic Modulation

ABSTRACT Pseudo‐isochromatic plates (PIPs) are widely used for screening color vision deficiency (CVD), yet their fixed design limits both diagnostic sensitivity and adaptability to individual perceptual thresholds. This work presents an interactive, digitally rendered PIP system in which seven spatial and chromatic parameters can be systematically varied to modulate task difficulty. Stimuli were generated along three evenly spaced confusion lines for protanopia, deuteranopia, and tritanopia, derived from updated copunctal points following Smith–Pokorny fundamentals. Eighty observers completed an adaptive test procedure, and performance was analyzed using chi‐square tests, generalized linear modeling, and response‐time measures. Four parameters—Noise, Color Noise, Dot Size, and Relative Luminance Level—demonstrated significant influence on correct identification rates, whereas Border, Background, and Dot Shape produced negligible effects within the tested ranges. A subgroup of eight observers exhibited performance patterns consistent with CVD, showing reduced accuracy and increased response times, particularly across specific confusion‐line positions. Motif‐related errors showed substantial shape‐driven confusions, independent of chromaticity. The results demonstrate that dynamic modulation of PIP parameters provides a controlled framework for testing chromatic discrimination and offers a practical foundation for more precise, adaptive, and perceptually informed color vision assessments.