Synergistic relationship between plant extracts, essential oils, phytocompounds and antibiotics in controlling drug resistant bacterial species

Abstract Background Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) has emerged as a global threat to global public health, requiring innovative strategies to address antibiotic-resistant bacterial pathogens. The synergy between plant extracts, essential oils, phytocompounds, and antibiotics promises to be a viable solution to this grave issue. Main body In addition to the synergistic effects of plant extracts, essential oils, and phytocompounds, the current review described the main groups of phytochemicals that function as anti-bacterial agents. The mechanical and toxicological issues are also highlighted in the current review. Conclusion The most popular techniques examined in this review are checkerboard and time-kill tests. The synergistic actions of plant extracts, phytocompounds, and essential oils effectively reduced the drug’s minimal inhibitory concentration against both standard and clinical bacterial isolates. Each of the three complementary strategies-plant extracts, phytocompounds, and essential oils-was equally significant.