Dufour effect on convective magneto-hydrodynamic flow of sodium alginate-based Casson nanofluid in the presence of radiation absorption and Hall current

In this study, we investigate SA-based MHD nanofluid flow across an endless upright plate nested in a porous medium using diffusion-thermo, radiation absorption, and the Hall effect. The current study has also taken into account thermal radiation, heat sinks, and first-order chemical reactions. By employing the perturbation technique, the unitless form of the governing equations is computed. Graphs and tables are used to interpret the impacts of different rheological parameters on the velocity, temperature, and concentration with Nusselt number, skin friction, and Sherwood number. It is established that growth in the nanoparticle volume fraction lessens shear stress by 16.8%; however, it raises the temperature and ramps up heat transfer rate at the walls by 4.5%. Furthermore, it can be observed that the heat transfer rate in GO-SA nanofluid is faster than that in TiO2-SA nanofluid when considering the Dufour effect. In addition, for GO-SA nanofluid, the Dufour effect enhances the shear stress by 27.7%, while reducing the Nusselt number by 9.3%. Also, it is found that TiO2-SA nanofluid exhibits better heat transfer capabilities than GO-SA nanofluids for the radiation absorption effect. The present investigation has practical relevance in advanced thermal management systems, biomedical heat transfer applications, energy conversion devices, and electromagnetic flow control technologies, where efficient control of coupled heat and mass transfer processes is required.