Computation of the Co-Content function, using the order six Simpson integration, to extract photovoltaic device parameters

Abstract The order six Simpson integration technique has been implemented in an executable program, written in C++, to automatically compute with more precision the Co-Content function, and then, extract with more accuracy the light ( $${I}_{{lig}}$$ I lig ) and saturation current ( $${I}_{{sat}}$$ I sat ), the ideality factor ( $$n$$ n ), and the series ( $${R}_{s}$$ R s ) and shunt resistance ( $${R}_{{sh}}$$ R sh ), of a photovoltaic device, within the one-diode solar cell model. The results are compared relative to the usually used trapezoidal integration technique. The program also calculates the standard deviations of $${I}_{{lig}}$$ I lig , $${I}_{{sat}}$$ I sat , $$n$$ n , $${R}_{s}$$ R s , and $${R}_{{sh}}$$ R sh , using standard statistical procedures. The results are given to the user in three text files, from which the user can easily access or export them to other software. A video is also provided, explaining how to use the executable program. Very accurate parameter extraction, with less than 1% error, is obtained for $${R}_{s}$$ R s , $${R}_{{sh}}$$ R sh , n , and I lig , when the percentage noise $${p}_{n} <$$ p n <