ANTI-INFLAMMATORY AND ANALGESIC PROPERTIES OF BASIL (OCIMUM BASILICUM) OIL IN RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS TREATMENT

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a long-term disease in which the immune system attacks the joints, causing pain, swelling, and damage over time. While conventional treatment can help, it often has side effects when used for too long. This led people to search for natural remedies like basil oil (Ocimum basilicum). Basil oil contains natural compounds such as eugenol, linalool, and methyl chavicol, which reduce inflammation and pain. These compounds work by blocking chemicals in the body such as TNF-α, IL-1, and IL-6 that cause inflammation in RA. They also reduce the production of other substances called prostaglandins, which are involved in pain and swelling. Basil oil's antioxidants help fight free radicals that can make inflammation worse. Basil oil may also relieve pain by affecting pain receptors, including TRPV1 and opioid receptors, and reducing inflammation in nerves by reducing the release of certain pain-causing substances. Another compound in basil oil, estragole, can cause harm if used in large amounts, although this is rare when used topically. Basil oil has the potential to help reduce pain and inflammation in rheumatoid arthritis (RA), making it a possible natural adjunct to standard treatment. However, more research is needed to confirm its safety and effectiveness, especially in human trials. Although generally safe when used properly, some side effects such as skin irritation may occur. The long-term effects of basil oil are still unclear. Further studies are needed to fully explore its benefits in the treatment of RA.