Agenesis of the left pulmonary artery and cardiac hydatid cysts: A dual rarity

Unilateral pulmonary artery agenesis is a rare congenital anomaly with variable clinical presentations, most often diagnosed by CT angiography. Cardiac hydatid disease is also an uncommon entity, with manifestations depending on cyst location, and imaging plays a pivotal role in diagnosis and follow-up. We report the case of a 45-year-old woman admitted for acute-onset dyspnea in whom thoracic CT angiography revealed agenesis of the left pulmonary artery and cardiac hydatid cysts. Additional findings included mosaic perfusion suggestive of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), and infected bronchiectasis, likely explaining the acute respiratory deterioration. The patient was admitted to the intensive care unit for further management. This case highlights an exceptional association of 2 rare entities and emphasizes the importance of multimodality imaging for accurate diagnosis, assessment of complications, and therapeutic planning. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first reported case of such an association, which appears to be coincidental rather than pathophysiologically linked.