REVISITING THE VIDDHA KARMA IN AYURVEDIC TRADITION: A COMPREHENSIVE ANALYSIS

Vidha Karma is a unique parasurgical (Anushastra karam) procedure described in Ayurveda by Acharya Sushruta, among the 8 shastra karma, that involves therapeutic puncturing of specific anatomical sites to relieve pain (Shoolghana Chikitsa) and manage various diseases. Rooted in the principles of classical Ayurvedic medicine, it is primarily indicated for conditions associated with vitiated Doshas, particularly disorders involving pain, inflammation, and impaired circulation. It helps by releasing obstructed Vata, draining impure blood, clearing the body's channels, and ultimately reducing pain. Despite its long history and continued practice in traditional medicine, Viddha Karma remains relatively underexplored in contemporary scientific literature. This review aims to present a comprehensive overview of Viddha Karma by examining its historical background, classical references, theoretical principles, indications, contraindications, procedural aspects, therapeutic applications, and available scientific evidence. Information has been compiled from classical Ayurvedic texts and published research, including that in Scopus and PubMed, to provide an integrated understanding of this traditional intervention for the present study. The reviewed literature suggests that Viddha Karma may offer therapeutic benefits in the management of musculoskeletal, neurological, and certain vascular disorders; however, the available evidence is limited. This review highlights the relevance of Viddha Karma as a valuable Ayurvedic therapeutic modality. It emphasises the need for continued research to support its integration into evidence-based and integrative healthcare practices.