LIFESTYLE MODIFICATION AND HERBAL MEDICINES IN THE MANAGEMENT OF POLYCYSTIC OVARY SYNDROME (PCOS)

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine and metabolic disorder affecting women of reproductive age, characterised by hormonal imbalance, ovulatory dysfunction, menstrual disturbances, hyperandrogenism, and metabolic abnormalities. Lifestyle modification plays a central role in PCOS management, as dietary changes, regular physical activity, weight control, adequate sleep, and stress reduction can improve metabolic health, menstrual regularity, and reproductive outcomes. Herbal medicines have attracted growing interest as complementary approaches because of their potential effects on insulin resistance, oxidative stress, inflammation, and hormonal imbalance. Several herbal agents, including cinnamon, spearmint, berberine-containing preparations, and other traditional medicinal plants, have been investigated for their possible benefits in PCOS. However, the efficacy and safety of these therapies vary, and evidence regarding their long-term use remains limited. This review summarises the historical evolution of PCOS terminology, highlights the role of lifestyle modification, and discusses commonly used herbal medicines, including indicative doses, timing, and mechanisms of action. A comprehensive approach combining healthy lifestyle practices with evidence-based medical treatment and carefully evaluated complementary therapies may help improve clinical and metabolic outcomes in women with PCOS