AYURVEDIC MANAGEMENT OF AGNIVISARPA (PITTA-RAKTA PRADHANA VISARPA) IN AN ELDERLY FEMALE: A CASE REPORT

Background: Agnivisarpa is a Pitta-Rakta predominant variety of Visarpa characterized by erythema, burning sensation, inflammation, and rapid progression. In Ayurvedic classics, Visarpa is described as a rapidly spreading inflammatory disorder involving vitiation of Dosha, Rakta, Twak, and Mamsa, with Agnivisarpa representing the severe manifestation dominated by Pitta and Rakta. Management principles include Pitta-Rakta Shamana, Shodhana therapies especially Virechana, and local applications with Tikta and Sheeta Dravyas. Case Presentation: A 76-year-old female presented with reddish discoloration in the left axillary region associated with severe itching and burning sensation for three days, along with constipation and anal burning. Based on the clinical features of Rakta varnata, Daha, Kandu, and localized inflammatory spread, the condition was diagnosed as Agnivisarpa (Pitta-Rakta Pradhana Visarpa) according to Ayurvedic principles. Intervention: The patient was treated with Mahatiktam Kashaya Tablet, Mahatiktam Ghritam Capsules, Urocure Tablet, Urileex Tablet, Dermidex Tablet, Neurowin Nutra Capsules, and local application of Mahatiktaka Ghrita Ointment. These interventions were selected to achieve Pitta-Rakta Shamana, Twak Prasadana, Kleda Shoshana, Deepana-Pachana, and Anulomana, which are recommended therapeutic approaches in Visarpa management. Outcome: Clinical improvement was observed within ten days with complete relief in burning sensation and erythema and marked reduction in itching. The favorable outcome may be attributed to the anti-inflammatory, wound-healing, Pitta-pacifying, and Rakta-prasadana actions of Tikta-dravya-based formulations described in Ayurvedic literature. Skin diseases are among the leading causes of non-fatal disease burden globally and contribute substantially to disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), particularly in older adults. Early management of inflammatory dermatoses is essential to prevent progression and improve quality of life. Conclusion: Ayurvedic management aimed at Pitta-Rakta Shamana, Agni Deepana, and bowel regulation showed favorable clinical improvement in managing Agnivisarpa without adverse effects. This case highlights the potential role of classical Ayurvedic principles in the management of inflammatory dermatological conditions resembling Visarpa.