A Verified-Height Region of Horizontal Monotonicity for the Riemann ξ-Function

This preprint proves a verified-height region of horizontal monotonicity for the Riemann ξ-function. Let H = 3,000,175,332,800 be the height up to which Platt and Trudgian rigorously verified that all nontrivial zeros lie on the critical line. We prove that Re(ξ′/ξ)(1/2 + δ + it) > 0 for 0 < δ ≤ 1/2 and |t| ≤ H − sqrt(1/4 − δ²). In particular, horizontal monotonicity holds throughout the full rectangle 1/2 < σ ≤ 1, |t| ≤ H − 1/2. The proof groups zeros using the functional-equation symmetry and derives an exact sign formula for the contribution of a hypothetical off-critical pair. Such a pair can contribute negatively only inside a disk whose radius is its horizontal displacement from the critical line. Since every nontrivial zero satisfies |Re(ρ) − 1/2| < 1/2, zeros above the verified height cannot contribute negatively in the stated region. This removes the unknown-tail estimates used in the previous version and yields a stronger result with a substantially shorter proof. No assumption is made about the location or multiplicity of zeros above H, and no new computation of zeta zeros is used.

Authors

Publication Details

Journal
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
Published
2026-08-28
DOI
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.22148077
Primary Topic
Analytic Number Theory Research
Type
preprint
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preprint

A Verified-Height Region of Horizontal Monotonicity for the Riemann ξ-Function

Felix Cristiano Paim Kessler
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
Analytic Number Theory Research
preprint

A Verified-Height Region of Horizontal Monotonicity for the Riemann ξ-Function

Felix Cristiano Paim Kessler
preprint en

Abstract

This preprint proves a verified-height region of horizontal monotonicity for the Riemann ξ-function. Let H = 3,000,175,332,800 be the height up to which Platt and Trudgian rigorously verified that all nontrivial zeros lie on the critical line. We prove that Re(ξ′/ξ)(1/2 + δ + it) > 0 for 0 < δ ≤ 1/2 and |t| ≤ H − sqrt(1/4 − δ²). In particular, horizontal monotonicity holds throughout the full rectangle 1/2 < σ ≤ 1, |t| ≤ H − 1/2. The proof groups zeros using the functional-equation symmetry and derives an exact sign formula for the contribution of a hypothetical off-critical pair. Such a pair can contribute negatively only inside a disk whose radius is its horizontal displacement from the critical line. Since every nontrivial zero satisfies |Re(ρ) − 1/2| < 1/2, zeros above the verified height cannot contribute negatively in the stated region. This removes the unknown-tail estimates used in the previous version and yields a stronger result with a substantially shorter proof. No assumption is made about the location or multiplicity of zeros above H, and no new computation of zeta zeros is used.

Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
Analytic Number Theory Research
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