Electromagnetism on the cubic sublattice of the FCC vacuum: the correct photon polarization count, and masslessness from centrosymmetry

A vacuum modeled as a face-centered-cubic lattice carrying a quantum error-correcting code, with one qubit per nearest-neighbor bond, must find room for a gapless photon alongside the code and the gravitational strain sector. The nearest-neighbor <110> network cannot supply one. Its one-form sector has only one propagating polarization per site, and it is non-bipartite, so a compact U(1) theory on it is gapped. A simpler structure in the same packing does the job. The FCC nodes and the octahedral voids together form a simple cubic lattice, and a one-form gauge field on its <100> links has exactly one pure-gauge and two transverse modes per site: the Maxwell count, and a property of the complex needing no dynamical assumption. The sublattice is bipartite, so a Coulomb phase exists; its links are disjoint from the code's qubits, so the two algebras commute trivially; and its bond star is centrosymmetric, so no piezoelectric coupling exists at all, which protects masslessness without a gauge-invariance argument. Matter couples to the sector without any added interaction, since a <110> hop is the composition of two <100> hops through a void, and the ambiguity between the two covering paths is the flux through a cubic plaquette. Only this sector moves: non-bipartiteness is fatal for the photon, neutral for the weak sector, and an asset for color confinement and fermion doubling. Putting qubits rather than a gauge field on the same links gives the three-dimensional toric code, so the packing carries two CSS codes on identical qubit counts at opposite ends of the rate-distance trade-off. The construction also admits alpha = 1/137, which the pyrochlore route does not, though the coupling remains a free parameter.

Authors

Publication Details

Published
2026-08-28
DOI
https://doi.org/10.13140/rg.2.2.15860.10889
Primary Topic
Quantum and Classical Electrodynamics
Type
article
Field-Weighted Citation Impact
0.00
Controls
|||
ALL TIME
JAN
FEB
MAR
APR
MAY
JUN
JUL
AUG
SEP
OCT
article

Electromagnetism on the cubic sublattice of the FCC vacuum: the correct photon polarization count, and masslessness from centrosymmetry

Raghu Kulkarni
Quantum and Classical Electrodynamics
article

Electromagnetism on the cubic sublattice of the FCC vacuum: the correct photon polarization count, and masslessness from centrosymmetry

Raghu Kulkarni
article en

Abstract

A vacuum modeled as a face-centered-cubic lattice carrying a quantum error-correcting code, with one qubit per nearest-neighbor bond, must find room for a gapless photon alongside the code and the gravitational strain sector. The nearest-neighbor <110> network cannot supply one. Its one-form sector has only one propagating polarization per site, and it is non-bipartite, so a compact U(1) theory on it is gapped. A simpler structure in the same packing does the job. The FCC nodes and the octahedral voids together form a simple cubic lattice, and a one-form gauge field on its <100> links has exactly one pure-gauge and two transverse modes per site: the Maxwell count, and a property of the complex needing no dynamical assumption. The sublattice is bipartite, so a Coulomb phase exists; its links are disjoint from the code's qubits, so the two algebras commute trivially; and its bond star is centrosymmetric, so no piezoelectric coupling exists at all, which protects masslessness without a gauge-invariance argument. Matter couples to the sector without any added interaction, since a <110> hop is the composition of two <100> hops through a void, and the ambiguity between the two covering paths is the flux through a cubic plaquette. Only this sector moves: non-bipartiteness is fatal for the photon, neutral for the weak sector, and an asset for color confinement and fermion doubling. Putting qubits rather than a gauge field on the same links gives the three-dimensional toric code, so the packing carries two CSS codes on identical qubit counts at opposite ends of the rate-distance trade-off. The construction also admits alpha = 1/137, which the pyrochlore route does not, though the coupling remains a free parameter.

Affordable and clean energy
Openalex Percentile: Top 12%
Quantum and Classical Electrodynamics
AI Navigator

Ask Laika to Summarize, Analyze, and Connect papers live on the map.

Summarize Papers & Methodologies

Extract key findings, datasets, and comparative methods across publications.

Benchmark Rankings & Visual Analytics

Rank top research institutions, authors, funders, topics, and journals by Field-Weighted Citation Impact (FWCI) and paper volume with instant charts.

Connect Distant Disciplines

Bridge topological clusters on the map to find hidden collaborative intersections.

Electromagnetism on the cubic sublattice of the FCC vacuum: the correct photon polarization count, and masslessness from centrosymmetry — Raghu Kulkarni · (2026) | TGRS Research Map | TGRS